We have just seen the first image of a black hole, the supermassive black hole in the galaxy M87 with a mass 6.5 billion times that of our sun. But what is that image really showing us?
This is an awesome paper on the topic by J.P. Luminet:
Image of a spherical black hole with thin accretion disk
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 75, no. 1-2, May 1979, p. 228-235
Using my every day intuition I wondered: will we see the "shadow" of the black hole even if we're looking edge on at the accretion disk? The answer is yes because the black hole warps space-time, so even if we wouldn't normally be able to see the back of the accretion disk, we can in this case because its light is bent up and over the black hole. Similarly we can see light from the bottom of the back of the accretion disk because it's bent under the bottom of the black hole. Plus there are additional images from light that does a half turn around the black hole leading to the inner rings.
What about the black hole "shadow" itself? Well initially I thought it can't be an image of the event horizon because it's so much bigger (2.6 times bigger). But if you trace back the rays, you find that for every point in the shadow, there is a corresponding ray that traces back to the event horizon. So in fact from our one observing location, we see all sides of the event horizon simultaneously! In fact infinitely many of these images, accounting for the virtually infinite number of times a photon can orbit the black hole before falling in. The edge of the shadow is due to the photon sphere - the radius at which light goes around in closed orbits. If a light ray coming in at an oblique angle just skims the photon sphere and then travels on to our telescopes, that is the closest 'impact parameter' possible, and it occurs at sqrt(27)/2*r_s
Huge thanks to:
Prof. Geraint Lewis
University of Sydney
Like him, I'm hoping (predicting?) we'll see some moving images of black holes tomorrow
Prof. Rana Adhikari
Caltech
Riccardo Antonelli - for excellent images of black holes, simulations and ray-tracing code, check out:
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
Check out their resources and get your local link for the livestream here:
Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
Donal Botkin, Michael Krugman, Ron Neal, Stan Presolski, Terrance Shepherd, Penward Rhyme
Filming by Raquel Nuno
Animation by Maria Raykova
![How to Understand What Black Holes Look Like [Skxi8UMe]](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/zUyH3XhpLTo/sddefault.jpg)
Kelly Clarkson Weight Loss: A Story of Dedication and Self-Discovery
The Power of Mindful Eating for Sustainable Weight Loss
Kelly Clarkson's weight loss journey is a testament to her dedication and self-discovery. The singer has been open about her struggles with weight, but also about the importance she places on maintaining a healthy lifestyle. One crucial aspect that plays a significant role in her success story is mindful eating. This practice involves paying attention to one's hunger cues, savoring food, and eliminating distractions while consuming meals.
By adopting this approach, individuals can better understand their relationship with food and make more informed choices about what they eat. Mindful eating also encourages portion control and reduces the likelihood of overeating or making unhealthy decisions under stress. For Kelly Clarkson and many others who have successfully employed mindful eating in their weight loss journeys, it has been a key factor in achieving long-term results.
Unlocking Metabolism for Enhanced Fat Burning
Another crucial aspect that contributes to Kelly's remarkable transformation is her focus on boosting metabolism through diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes. By understanding the intricacies of metabolism and making conscious choices to optimize its function, individuals can enhance their body's ability to burn fat efficiently. This involves incorporating nutrient-dense foods into one's diet, staying hydrated throughout the day, and engaging in regular physical activity that suits individual needs.
When it comes to metabolism-boosting strategies, research has shown time and again that certain nutrients play a vital role in supporting metabolic health. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids like salmon and nuts are excellent examples of such nutrient-dense foods. Additionally, incorporating plant-based sources of protein into one's diet can also contribute significantly to improved fat burning.
The Science Behind Effective Weight Loss: Evidence-Based Approaches
Kelly Clarkson has attributed her weight loss success story to her commitment to evidence-based approaches that prioritize long-term sustainability over quick fixes. She recognizes the importance of combining physical activity, nutrition planning, and stress management in achieving optimal results. For instance, research supports regular aerobic exercise as a key component in weight management.
By engaging regularly in activities like walking or swimming for at least 30 minutes per session can enhance overall well-being while contributing to fat loss efforts. Furthermore, incorporating strength training exercises into one's routine can also help build lean muscle mass and increase resting metabolic rate, which collectively contribute significantly to healthy weight maintenance.
Keto + ACV Gummies: A Weight Loss Powerhouse for Women
The popular keto diet has gained significant attention in recent years due to its ability to promote rapid fat loss when combined with other targeted supplements like Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) gummies. For women looking for an extra edge on their weight loss journey, incorporating a daily dose of these beneficial nutrients can help balance blood sugar levels and reduce cravings.
Studies indicate that supplementing with ACV may even enhance the body's ability to burn fat by influencing metabolic health positively. Similarly, keto is well-documented as one such diet that optimizes carbohydrate utilization while fostering efficient energy production within cells. By combining a carefully controlled keto lifestyle with daily doses of ACV gummies, many women find themselves at an optimal edge in promoting healthy weight loss.
Staying Hydrated: The Unsung Hero of Weight Loss Journeys
Effective hydration is one often-overlooked aspect that significantly impacts the body's ability to lose weight efficiently. It plays a critical role not only during physical activity but also when sitting still, regulating hunger and metabolism processes seamlessly throughout. Kelly Clarkson has frequently emphasized her commitment to staying hydrated daily through simple yet effective habits like carrying a water bottle with her always.
The research confirms this emphasis: drinking enough clean water is indispensable for successful weight loss journeys worldwide; even mild dehydration can decrease resting metabolic rate significantly if not addressed adequately before reaching extreme stages.
Unlocking the Full Potential of Stress Management in Weight Loss
Lastly, another key aspect that Kelly Clarkson has successfully leveraged on her path to a healthy body and mind involves active stress management. The evidence now is clear: high levels of cortisol produced by prolonged stress can disrupt eating behaviors leading directly towards weight gain if not addressed properly.
One powerful technique for combating this hormonal imbalance includes incorporating mindful practices such as yoga into daily routines. By maintaining overall low cortisol levels, individuals will reduce excessive appetite triggers that might get in the way of reaching their ideal body mass effectively.
A Holistic Approach to Sustainable Weight Loss: Combining Mindfulness and Science
Kelly Clarkson's incredible journey from weight struggles to a healthier version is an inspiration for many looking towards sustainable results. To replicate such success stories, individuals need not necessarily adopt only one method at a time; it can be successfully combined as the evidence suggests here - with strategies that cover mindful eating habits along side effective stress management techniques like targeted yoga routines & perhaps also incorporating potent natural supplements whenever required.
While individual preferences play significant roles in dictating best course of action towards their specific goals, these outlined scientific suggestions will provide useful starting points toward any aspiring success story inspired by Kelly's.
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